H-Sorb2600 High Pressure Volumetric Analyzer Assists Virginia Tech Successfully Published One Paper on Greenhouse Gases Science and Technology

BET Surface Area|Porosity Analyzer|Gas Pycnometer Helium True Density Equipment|High Pressure Volumetric Analyzer| Langmuir/BET/Gibbs/BJH/MP/SF/DR/DA/HK/T-Plot Analyzer



H-Sorb2600 High Pressure Volumetric Analyzer Assists Virginia Tech Successfully Published One Paper on Greenhouse Gases Science and Technology

A Gas Adsorption Demo Lab Established by Gold APP Instruments China and Iowa State University

Gold APP Instruments Corporation China
had coordinated with ISU (Iowa State University) to established one gas
adsorption demo lab on campus of ISU. Professor Mufit Akinc from the Materials
Science & Engineering said they had already well installed and calibrated
all demo analyzers (gas pycnometer density analyzer G-DenPyc 2900 & BET
surface area and porosimetry analyzer V-Sorb 2800P) with helps from GAPP
engineer, were ready to receive visitors to go this lab to view analyzers
onsite, to test their samples and value instruments quality.

read more by clicking to view details.




BET Surface Area|Porosity Analyzer|Gas Pycnometer Helium True Density Equipment|High Pressure Volumetric Analyzer| Langmuir/BET/Gibbs/BJH/MP/SF/DR/DA/HK/T-Plot Analyzer

Specific Surface Area and Porosity Analyzer Exported to Canada Manson Environmental Corporation

Gold APP Instruments Corporation China had export one set volumetric specific surface area and porosity analyzer to Canada catalyst manufacturer--Manson Environmental Corporation. This is the first set Chinese brand analyzer came into Canada market.

 

Manson Environmental Corporation is an inorganic chemicals manufacturer in Oakville. This private company was founded in 1986.

 

Gold APP Instruments China also produce gas pycnometer analyzer for true density, the open and closed pore cells testing; high pressure volumetric adsorption analyzer for PCI, TPD, adsorption/ desorption isotherms testing. Welcome email to sales@jinaipu.com for more details.

porosimetry technique by Gold APP Instruments China

Porosimetry is an analytical technique used to determine various quantifiable aspects of a material's porous nature, such as pore diameter, total pore volume, surface area, and bulk and absolute densities.

The technique involves the intrusion of a non-wetting liquid (often mercury) at high pressure into a material through the use of a porosimeter. The pore size can be determined based on the external pressure needed to force the liquid into a pore against the opposing force of the liquid's surface tension.

A force balance equation known as Washburn's equation for the above material having cylindrical pores is given as:

PL= pressure of liquid
PG= pressure of gas
O= surface tension of liquid
日= contact angle of intrusion liquid
DP= pore diameter

Since the technique is usually done under vacuum, the gas pressure begins at zero. The contact angle of mercury with most solids is between 135° and 142°, so an average of 140° can be taken without much error. The surface tension of mercury at 20 °C under vacuum is 480 mN/m. With the various substitutions, the equation becomes:

As pressure increases, so does the cumulative pore volume. From the cumulative pore volume, one can find the pressure and pore diameter where 50% of the total volume has been added to give the median pore diameter.

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high pressure CH4 sorption analysis report with coal sample for Virginia...

Capilliary condensation introduction and relation with pore size distribution

Capillary condensation is the "process by which multilayer adsorption from the vapor [phase] into a porous medium proceeds to the point at which pore spaces become filled with condensed liquid from the vapor [phase]." The unique aspect of capillary condensation is that vapor condensation occurs below the saturation vapor pressure, P_sat, of the pure liquid. This result is due to an increased number of van der Waals interactions between vapor phase molecules inside the confined space of a capillary. Once condensation has occurred, a meniscus immediately forms at the liquid-vapor interface which allows for equilibrium below the saturation vapor pressure. Meniscus formation is dependent on the surface tension of the liquid and the shape of the capillary, as shown by the Young-Laplace equation. As with any liquid-vapor interface involving a menisci, theKelvin equation provides a relation for the difference between the equilibrium vapor pressure and the saturation vapor pressure. A capillary does not necessarily have to be a tubular, closed shape, but can be any confined space with respect to its surroundings.

Capillary condensation isan important factor in both naturally occurring and synthetic porousstructures. In these structures, scientists use the concept of capillarycondensation to determine pore size distribution and surface area thoughadsorption isotherms. Syntheticapplications such as sintering ofmaterials are also highly dependent on bridging effects resulting fromcapillary condensation. In contrast to the advantages of capillarycondensation, it can also cause many problems in materials science applicationssuch as Atomic Force Microscopyand Microelectromechanical Systems See belowfigure 1.

 

Figure 1: An example of a porous structure exhibiting capillary condensation.

 

Pores that are not of the same size will fill atdifferent values of pressure, with the smaller ones filling first. This difference in filling rate can bea beneficial application of capillary condensation. Many materials havedifferent pore sizes with ceramics being one of the most commonly encountered.In materials with different pore sizes, curves can be constructed similar toFigure 2. A detailed analysis of the shape of these isotherms is done using the Kelvin equation. This enables the pore size distribution to be determined. While this is a relatively simplemethod of analyzing the isotherms, a more in depth analysis of the isotherms isdone using the BET method. Anothermethod of determining the pore size distribution is by using a procedure knownas Mercury Injection Porosimetry. This uses the volume of mercury taken up bythe solid as the pressure increases to create the same isotherms mentionedabove. An application where pore size is beneficial is in regards to oilrecovery. When recovering oil from tiny pores, it is useful to inject gas andwater into the pore. The gas will then occupy the space where the oil once was,mobilizing the oil, and then the water will displace some of the oil forcing itto leave the pore.

Figure 2: Capillary condensation profile showing a sudden increase in adsorbed volume due to a uniform capillary radius (dashed path) among a distribution of pores and that of a normal distribution of capillary radii (solid path)

 

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Adsorption isotherm--GOLD APP INSTRUMENTS

Adsorption isotherm

Adsorption isotherm is the relationship between the pressure and adsorption amount at a constant temperature. The horizontal axis is the relative pressure (P/P₀) which is the equilibrium pressure divided by the saturation pressure. The relative pressure can be 0 to 1 and P/P₀ =1.0 means that the condensation of adsorptive occurs in the sample cell. So an adsorption isotherm is the measurement of adsorptive density which becomes higher than the than the bulk (gas) phase density due to the interaction between the adsorptive and solid surface atoms below its condensation pressure. Adsorption amount in the vertical axis is commonly expressed as V/ml(STP)g^-1 which is expressed by the standard gas volume (at 0^oC and 1 atm).

The figure indicates the classification of adsorption isotherms defined by IUPAC. The type of adsorption isotherm is determined by the pore size and surface character of the material.

I : Microporous materials (e.g. Zeolite and Activated carbon)

II : Non porous materials (e.g. Nonporous Alumina and Silica)

III : Non porous materials and materials which have the weak interaction between the adsorbate and adsorbent (e.g. Graphite/water)

IV : Mesoporous materials (e.g. Mesoporous Alumina and Silica)

V : Porous materials and materials that have the weak interaction between the adsorbate and adsorbent (e.g. Activated carbon/water)

VI : Homogeneous surface materials (e.g. Graphite/Kr and NaCl/Kr)

 

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